Textured 3D printed membrane-type metamaterials with controlled performance

Membrane-type acoustic metamaterials are widely recognized for their lightweight and effective sound insulation properties. However, traditional manufacturing methods limit the ability to customize their geometries or seamlessly integrate them into other acoustic designs. In this study, we build upon our previous work on 3D printed membranes with variable thickness to introduce a novel approach for designing and manufacturing acoustic metamaterials with exceptional levels of customization. Our method enables the creation of flexible membranes with tailored porosity, tension, and textured surface patterns—features unattainable through conventional techniques. By manipulating these parameters through our custom G-code, we establish a streamlined workflow to control sound transmission loss without post-processing steps. We evaluate the acoustic performance using a four-microphone normal-incidence impedance tube setup and compare the measured transmission loss response with the acoustic mass law predictions for an equivalent limp membrane.  This work underscores the transformative potential of 3D printing in advancing acoustic metamaterials, enabling tailored performance and seamless integration into diverse acoustic systems.