Natural ventilation and acoustic privacy in settlement cores: a review of window technology and night-time economy planning policy

This study reviewed the potential of partially open windows to address the challenges of natural ventilation and night-time airborne noise within settlement cores. These areas, which often feature historic buildings, require sensitive interventions to balance the conservation of heritage with the need for liveable, sustainable cities. The 'night-time economy' (NTE) encompasses a diverse range of businesses, services, and events that operate beyond traditional daytime hours, such as restaurants, bars, nightclubs, entertainment venues, cultural events, and 24-hour services. Night-time noise disturbances can be detrimental to residents' health and well-being. A case study examined the solutions proposed by contemporary NTE planning policy to address night-time noise in settlement cores, particularly in instances where the expansion of NTE areas and extended trading hours are considered. No physical solution mitigation strategies for noise reduction were identified in the NTE policy, and only a management approach was proposed. This study examines the potential of innovative acoustically attenuated partially open windows as a strategic solution to airborne night-time noise pollution from a night-time economy. This solution may improve energy efficiency and sustainability in cities while allowing the night-time economy and residential areas to coexist more harmoniously.