Vibration Prediction for High Speed Trains Utilising the Pipe in Pipe (PiP) Model to Determine Ground-Borne Noise Levels in the Vicinity of Different Tunnel Types

Validation of the Pipe in Pipe vibration prediction model has been carried out to extend the prediction methodology to trains operating on new high speed railways. Vibration measurements were carried out at a number of locations above both bored tunnels and cut and cover tunnels on the HS1 line in the UK and on European high speed railways for a range of train speeds up to 300 kph. The aim is to extend the prediction methodology so it can be used for railways such as the HS2 line in the UK which when in use will operate at speeds of up to 360 kph. The paper describes the measurement and analysis methods which were employed to validate the model. The extent to which the software and methods developed can be relied upon for the prediction of ground-borne noise for high speed trains is discussed.