Energy transition related noise issues and its health consequences

Climate change leads to architectural adaptations in urban areas, heat islands and increased use of ventilation/cooling systems, expansion of windparks and behavioral changes. Most changes are part of the energy transition and affect noise exposure and related perceptions and health/wellbeing. Against this background the influence of adaptive measures on noise exposure was explored by us since 2011 by means of literature reviews and , secondary analysis of existing survey data. A recent review of the Dutch Health Council confirmed and expanded the importance of earlier detected noise issues related to energy transitions. Four noise issues came forward 1)Insulations and ventilation 2) increased use of electronic appliances 3)increased complexity of electronic appliances 4) cooling and heating systems. In our view, also the expansion of the windpark should be added to this list . Noise characteristics of these sources have an equivalent-, and low frequent component in common. It is remarkable how little progress has been achieved in mapping the health consequences of these "new" sources, since 2011. This paper will give an overview of the evidence and gaps based on recent literature reviews, and a survey on the acceptance of new energy saving measures in relation to annoyance and risk perception.