@article {Barnard:2014:0736-2501:360,
title = "Advancements toward a high-power, carbon nanotube, thin-film loudspeaker",
journal = "Noise Control Engineering Journal",
parent_itemid = "infobike://ince/ncej",
publishercode ="ince",
year = "2014",
volume = "62",
number = "5",
publication date ="2014-09-01T00:00:00",
pages = "360-367",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "0736-2501",
url = "https://ince.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/ince/ncej/2014/00000062/00000005/art00008",
doi = "doi:10.3397/1/376235",
keyword = "11.9, 71.1.4",
author = "Barnard, Andrew R. and Brungart, Timothy A. and McDevitt, Timothy E. and Aliev, Ali E. and Jenkins, David M. and Kline, Brian L. and Baughman, Ray H.",
abstract = "The carbon nanotube (CNT) thermophone has been explored as a novel loudspeaker. Potential advantages of this technology in the audio industry include ultra-lightweight, low production cost, compact size, and independence from rare-earth materials. In this paper, progress toward a practical
CNT loudspeaker is presented. Large, high quality CNT thin-film assemblies are designed and built. Design guidance for these types of assemblies is provided. Maximum sound output level, total harmonic distortion, and power efficiency tests are performed. A maximum source level of 111 dBA at
1 m is achieved at 2 kHz with the new sources. The main hurdle to this technology remains power efficiency. Several paths forward are discussed as this technology continues to advance to a position where it may be able to compete with current state-of-the-art, moving-coil loudspeakers.",
}