@article {Hannema:2018:0736-2935:310,
title = "Validation of a FEM structure-borne sound radiation model for railway rolling noise",
journal = "INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings",
parent_itemid = "infobike://ince/incecp",
publishercode ="ince",
year = "2018",
volume = "257",
number = "1",
publication date ="2018-12-01T00:00:00",
pages = "310-318",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "0736-2935",
url = "https://ince.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/ince/incecp/2018/00000257/00000001/art00033",
keyword = "Railway rolling noise, Equivalent perforated fluid material, Ballast",
author = "Hannema, Gwenael and Trbs, Hans-Martin and Van Damme, Bart and Zemp, Armin and Heutschi, Kurt and Lechner, Bernhard and Zhang, Junyang and Hecht, Markus and Sohr, Sebastian and Wunderli, Jean-Marc",
abstract = "Railway rolling noise is a structure borne sound radiation mechanism that accounts for one of the major sources of noise arising from railways traffic. This mechanism has been extensively studied and dedicated software can perform reliable predictions, taking into account rail and wheel
vibrations. This paper presents the derivation of a full three dimensional finite element model to calculate the acoustic radiation of a railway superstructure (rail, rail pads, and sleeper), including the underlying ballast. It focuses on the procedure to characterise and implement the ballast
as a frequency dependent acoustic body. This can be done using an equivalent fluid for perforated material with complex effective density and sound velocity properties. The input information are lateral and vertical harmonic excitations performed on a test track and measured by means of a
scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. The resulting track vibrational velocities are used as source excitation inputs for the three dimensional finite element model. The acoustic FEM model is validated by comparing the numerical predictions of the radiated sound field with experimental measurement
of sound pressure levels.",
}